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AI Image & Graphic Design

AI image generation

Learning objectives
  • Explain how text-to-image models work at a high level
  • Write structured image prompts: subject, style, composition, lighting, colour
  • Understand rights, limits and ethical use

Introduction

Text-to-image models learned the relationship between images and their descriptions from huge collections of picture–caption pairs. When you type a prompt, the model starts from random noise and refines it step by step into an image that matches your words (this family of models is called diffusion models).

The image prompt formula

PartExample
Subjecta young Bengali woman holding a clay cup of tea
Action / settingat a roadside tea stall in north Kolkata, morning
Style / mediumphotorealistic / watercolour / flat vector / 3D render
Compositionclose-up, rule of thirds, space on the left for text
Lighting & coloursoft golden sunlight, warm tones
Formatsquare 1:1 / vertical 9:16 / landscape 16:9
Photorealistic close-up of a smiling young woman holding a clay kulhad of tea at a roadside tea stall in north Kolkata, early morning, soft golden light, shallow depth of field, warm tones, empty space on the left for text, 4:5 vertical

Popular tools

  • ChatGPT image generation — conversational, good at following instructions and editing
  • Google Gemini / Imagen — inside Gemini and Google tools
  • Adobe Firefly — designed for commercial use, integrated with Photoshop/Express
  • Canva AI — fastest route from image to finished design
  • Midjourney — strong artistic quality (paid)

Rights and responsibility

  • Read each tool's terms for commercial use.
  • Do not generate real people without consent, brand logos, or copyrighted characters.
  • Don't create misleading images of real events or products you don't sell.
  • Label AI images where your platform or client requires it.

Practical demonstration

Prompt ladder. Generate four images, adding one layer each time, and compare:

  1. a cup of tea
  2. a clay kulhad of masala chai on a wooden bench
  3. a clay kulhad of masala chai on a wooden bench at a Kolkata tea stall, steam rising, morning light, photorealistic
  4. …same, close-up, shallow depth of field, warm tones, empty space at the top for a headline, 1:1 square

Note which addition changed the result most.

Practice task

Create 5 images for one local business using the formula. Save each prompt with its image.
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